政治理论研究

当代生态社会主义理论家伊恩·安格斯在接受巴西记者克劳迪娅·安图内斯访谈时，围绕“生态文明何以必然是社会主义的”这一核心主题作出系统阐释。首先，他对国际地质学界关于“人类世”概念的争议进行了辨析，指出“人类世”具有坚实的科学依据，已在地球科学及相关研究领域形成广泛共识。其次，他回溯马克思主义生态学传统，深入阐释马克思“新陈代谢断裂”理论的生成背景与核心内涵，强调马克思、恩格斯经典著作中蕴含着深刻的生态批判思想。再次，他着重论证生态文明与社会主义之间的内在统一性，指摘资本逐利逻辑是当代生态危机的深层根源，唯有超越资本主导的生产方式，通过有计划地组织社会生产与社会生活，方能实现人与自然关系的和解。最后，安格斯还探讨了去增长、军事凯恩斯主义、关怀经济等前沿议题，强调生态社会主义者的历史使命在于推动制度性变革，以应对全球性生态危机。

In an interview with Brazilian journalist Claudia Antunes, contemporary eco-socialist theorist Ian Angus systematically explains why ecological civilization must be socialist. He first addresses debates within the geological community regarding the “Anthropocene,” affirming its solid scientific foundation and broad consensus in earth sciences. He then revisits the Marxist ecological tradition, particularly Marx's theory of the “metabolic rift,” highlighting the profound ecological critique embedded in the works of Marx and Engels. Angus demonstrates the inherent unity between ecological civilization and socialism, arguing that the profit-driven logic of capital is the root cause of today's ecological crises. Only by transcending capital's dominance over production and organizing social production and life in a planned manner can human beings achieve reconciliation with nature. He also discusses cutting-edge issues such as degrowth, military Keynesianism, and the care economy, emphasizing that the historical mission of eco-socialists is to promote institutional transformation to address global ecological challenges.